The Four Love Personalities
Helen Fisher, PhD
Rutgers University

hen your spouse does things that mystify you or drive
you crazy, you probably wish he/she would behave more reasonably.
Yet your partner may not be “programmed” to behave any other way.
My research suggests that each of us has a “love personality” --
how we are naturally inclined to behave with a romantic partner --
that may depend on the particular chemicals dominant in one’s
brain. This research comes from my analysis of existing genetic and
pharmaceutical studies, as well as from my work as chief scientific
adviser to the Internet dating site Chemistry.com. I devised a series of
questions to establish to what degree we express specific
chemicals in the brain and collected data on 28,000 men and
women.
I determined that love personalities can be divided into four
main types, based on which brain chemicals -- serotonin, dopamine,
estrogen and testosterone
-- are predominant. Some people show characteristics
of one type... others are a combination. The four types...
BUILDERS
Serotonin promotes orderly, cautious behavior and respect for
authority. More than the other three types, Builders enjoy planning
far ahead. They are literal and predictable, fastidious about their
possessions, conscientious and dutiful. They tolerate routine
well.
What the Builder brings to a
relationship: Builders are good at forming
strong networks and run businesses and households with great
efficiency. A Builder will never keep you waiting, forget to fill
the gas tank or write down the wrong flight departure time.
Sources of stress: Builders are stubborn -- if
you helpfully suggest to a Builder a better way to mop the floor,
you may find yourself in an argument. Builders can be moralistic
and overly rule-bound. They are suspicious of new experiences and
ideas -- in fact, they will be quick to point out all the reasons
why an idea might not work.
Sex and fidelity: Builders are
most likely to be attracted to other Builders. They are serious
when they court. Sex may become routine, but Builders like
routines, and two Builders will rarely fight about their life in
the bedroom. Highly loyal, Builders are unlikely even to consider
divorce.
Living with a
Builder: Let
the Builder do things his way, even if you’re convinced there
is a better way. If you crave more adventure than the
Builder, map out a new experience beforehand so that it
doesn’t look like a risk... or let the Builder plan the
details.
EXPLORERS
High dopamine activity is associated with curiosity,
spontaneity, risk-taking, novelty-seeking, irreverence, mental
flexibility and optimism.
What the Explorer brings to a
relationship: Explorers are
enthusiastic and full of energy. Charming and creative, Explorers
don’t like to be told what to do -- they chafe at rules, plans and
schedules. They can be extravagant gift givers.
Sources of stress: The Explorer’s impulsiveness
can grate on someone who would like to know what time to be ready
for dinner or who prefers to buy theater tickets in advance. An
Explorer doesn’t like repetitive tasks, so you shouldn’t depend on
an Explorer to take out the garbage every night.
Sex and fidelity: Explorers tend to be attracted
to other Explorers, and they make exciting sex partners. Instead of
discussing the deep meaning of a relationship, an Explorer would
rather make love or go out together for a good time. Big fights may
be followed by passionate lovemaking. It is important to have
adventures with an Explorer, lest he decide to find someone else to
share his experiences with.
Living with an
Explorer: Don’t
try to keep an Explorer from doing what interests him.
Instead of imposing rules, find parameters that the Explorer
can live with.
Example: A Builder husband and Explorer
wife had repeated showdowns over the Explorer’s chronic lateness.
They finally agreed that the Explorer would call her husband when
she was running late... and that the Builder would go ahead with
plans instead of waiting for his wife, who would join him
later.
NEGOTIATORS
Men, as well as women, can have high estrogen activity in the
brain, promoting connection-seeking.
What the Negotiator brings to a
relationship: Negotiators are
highly verbal, agreeable and good at reading people. They are
skilled at coming up with the right thing to say to make others
feel valued. Negotiators have rich imaginations and think
holistically -- they see creative and unusual connections between
disparate pieces of information. They are flexible and willing to
change their minds.
Sources of stress: The ability to
see many sides of an issue can make it difficult for Negotiators to
reach decisions. They are so imaginative about possibilities that
they may create constant anxiety for themselves. Because
Negotiators want everyone to be happy, they don’t always say
clearly what they need or mean, leading to confusion and
misunderstanding.
Sex and fidelity: Negotiators tend
to be most attracted to Directors (see below). The Negotiator needs
the Director’s logic, forthrightness and decisiveness to get things
done.
Negotiators seek deep intimacy with their partners -- they want
a soul mate -- so they will be patient, forgiving and
compassionate. But if a Negotiator feels that he won’t ever “reach”
you to share an intimate life together, he may eventually turn
elsewhere for the romance he craves.
Living with a Negotiator: Recognize that
what sounds to you like endless processing is a way for the
Negotiator to address the needs of everyone involved. Don’t rush
the Negotiator’s decision. Trust that once he has examined all the
angles, the solution will make a lot of people happy, including
you.
DIRECTORS
Both women and men can have high testosterone activity in the
brain, leading them to be competitive, straight-forward, logical
and pragmatic.
What the Director brings to a
relationship: You don’t have to second-guess
Directors -- they say what they mean without nuance. Because of
their ambition and competitiveness, they are dedicated to their
work and typically well-paid. Directors like to focus very deeply
on a few subjects and learn everything about them.
Sources of stress: Directors can
alienate people with their bluntness, coming across as dictatorial
and aloof. They get impatient when others are not as focused as
they are or don’t immediately grasp their ideas. They have a hard
time leaving work behind -- at the beach, the Director is the one
checking e-mail.
Sex and fidelity: Directors are
most likely to be attracted to Negotiators. The Director relies on
the Negotiator’s people skills. Sex is a genuine form of intimacy
for them. They tend to be loyal, but if they cannot get the
physical connectedness they need, they will seek it elsewhere.
Living with a Director: Don’t give a
Director hints or make gentle requests -- the message will not get
through. Instead of “Would you have time to... ” say, “I need you
to do this by Friday.” During disagreements, appeal to logic (“This
would be more efficient”) rather than emotion (“This makes me
frustrated”).
To get Directors to relax outside work hours, encourage
activities that are absorbing, challenging or competitive enough to
distract them, such as joining a tennis league or a book
club.